RESOURCES / 英语学习资源
RESOURCES / 英语学习资源
秀丽英语学习软件支持网上下载的各种视频文件，配合srt格式的英文字幕，就可以用于学习。
以下是为方便大家学习，从网上搜集的一些资源，资源添加中。
美国：我们的故事 第三集 Westward/西进
Trailblazing pioneers set out to conquer the vast continent west of the mountains, but find the land already claimed. Wagon trains meet danger and hardship on the road to unprecedented riches in California's golden hills. 创新先锋征服山的西部辽阔的大陆，但发现土地已经声称。马车在加利福尼亚见面的黄金山上前所未有的财富之路的危险和困难。
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英汉双语对照剧本
A new country heads west,
一个年轻的国家开始了西进
with new heroes and a new enemy...
新的英雄诞生了 还有新的敌人...
the American wilderness.
美洲荒原
The pioneers face incredible hardship...
尽管面临着常人无法想象的困难
but their battles forge the American character
但先驱们的坚韧与顽强塑造了美国精神
and build the new American nation.
缔造了新的美国
We are pioneers...
我们是前锋
and trailblazers.
也是先驱
We fight... for freedom.
我们为自由而战
We transform our dreams into the truth.
我们将梦想付诸现实
Our struggles... will become a nation.
我们的奋斗将换来一个国家的新生
300 million years BC.
公元前三亿年
A meteorite the size of Central Park hurtles towards Earth.
一颗足有中央公园大的陨石撞向地球
With the force of 100,000 atomic bombs,
带着十万枚原子弹的威力
it smashes into the Appalachian Mountains.
这颗陨石与阿巴拉契亚山脉迎面相撞
The Cumberland Gap.
从而形成了坎伯兰岬口
When America passes through this gateway and
当美国人翻越这个岬口
conquers what lies beyond,
征服另一端的土地时
a colony will become a continent.
曾经的殖民地 将一统整个大陆
I think Americans have always been-- have been pioneers.
我认为 美国人民一直不乏探索精神
We're a nation of adventurers and explorers.
我们的国家是探险家的乐园
We are always moving forward and
我们不断进取
we're always dealing with problems, not ignoring them.
迎难而上 从未退缩
1775.
1775年
Land west of the Cumberland Gap belongs to
坎伯兰岬口西部的土地
a patchwork of foreign superpowers: Britain, France, Spain.
早已被英国 法国 西班牙等列强瓜分殆尽
The rest occupied by
其余土地则由
hundreds of Native American tribes.
上百个原住民部落所占据
3,000 miles of fertile land.
方圆3000英里良田
Millions of acres for anyone who can conquer it.
在这里 有百万英亩沃土有待开垦
Riches, too.
当然 还有财富
Thousands of tons of gold and silver.
金山银海 绵延无绝
But this land is also brutal wilderness.
但这蛮夷之地 也暗藏着无限杀机
Conquering it requires extraordinary people.
绝非凡人能够征服
March 1775.
1775年3月
Daniel Boone: woodsman,
丹尼尔·布恩 一名樵夫
hunter, freedom fighter,
猎手 自由捍卫者
explorer...
探险家
dreamer.
梦想家
Okay, men, keep clearing.
兄弟们 加油开路
Cut it through,we're coming through here.
砍掉树丛 我们从中间穿过去
Boone and his 30 men slash through the Cumberland Gap...
布恩与30名同伴披荆斩棘穿越坎伯兰岬口
on a mission to tap the riches.
探寻财富
Cut it through, we're coming through here.
全部砍倒 我们从中间穿过
Before us lay the finest body of land in the world,
摆在我们面前的 是世上最富饶的土地
with which little exertion we can call our own.
只要穿越这里 我们就能成为那些土地的主人
One day thousands will desire this land,
终有一天 这里将成为世人的梦幻之都
and we will be rich.
而我们必会富甲一方
But Boone's journey into the western wilderness
布恩探索西部蛮荒的旅程
is also a journey into the American Soul.
也是美国精神的锻造之旅
The frontier is a crucible,
前方将面临严峻的考验
where America will define itself
但正是在这里 美国人将找到自己的定位
and forge its true character.
锻造其民族精神
The King of England has outlawed any Western expansion,
英国国王禁止了向西部的扩张
illegal settlers rounded up and punished.
非法移居者被逮捕并处罚
Boone's already fought the British back East.
布恩在东部时就和英国人有过交锋
Now he's defying them again.
现在 他再一次公开反抗
Daniel Boone was that first great action hero for America.
丹尼尔·布恩是美国史上第一位伟大的实践家
America wanted to see itself that way, I think.
我认为 这是美国人对自己的定位
They wanted to see themselves as fiercely independent,
他们想要成为一个 独立自主
very capable and...
自力更生
and willing to go places most human beings wouldn't have gone.
更加勇于探索的民族
Come on, men, this way.
加油 兄弟们 这边
Boone and his men take no supplies.
布恩和他的同伴们没带任何给养
Come on, come on!
加油 跟上
Survival conjured from the land.
人们从这片土地上汲取生存之道
Bear grease: insect repellent
用熊的油脂来防虫
Wasp larvae: Food.
以黄蜂幼虫为食
Come on, come on!
加油
Boone records in his journal.
布恩在他的日志中写道
We are exposed daily to peril
我们每天都要面临
and death amongst savages and wild beasts.
被野兽或蛮族攻击的生命危险
But nature satisfies all we need.
但大自然同时给予了我们必需品
Few experience the happiness we feel here
我们在这荒僻的旷野所感受到的快乐
in the howling wilderness.
是常人难以体会的
But for the Shawnee, this is not wilderness.
但对肖尼族人而言 这并非荒原
It is home.
而是家园
And they will defend it...
他们会誓死保卫家园
... at all costs.
不惜一切代价
Good work, John, good work.
好样的 约翰
These areas that seemed like wilderness to the Americans
对美国人而言 这是一片完全陌生的蛮荒之地
weren't wilderness to these American-Indian people.
而对这些印第安人而言 却非如此
That was just their lands.
这里是他们的地盘
Daniel Boone and the Shawnee have history.
丹尼尔·布恩和肖尼族曾有过节
Only the year before,
仅在一年前
they kidnapped his eldest son, James...
他们绑架了他的大儿子詹姆斯
And tortured him to death.
并残忍地将其折磨致死
On the 25th of March, 1775,
1775年3月25日
Boone crosses into Shawnee territory.
布恩途经肖尼族的领地
In the mountains for eight days...
在深山里呆上8天
People were able to survive on this...
即使没有一点食物
... with nothing to eat.
还是能活下来的
Go, go!
快跑
Go, go, run!
快跑
Rifles, get 'em, come on!
快拿来福枪 开枪射他们 快
Ambushed, Boone must flee.
遭遇伏击 布恩必须逃走
His friend, Captain Twitty, and his slave Sam
他的朋友特蒂上尉 以及他的奴隶萨姆
are both scalped and slaughtered.
都被残忍地杀害 并割下了头皮
But Boone pushes on further west.
布恩没有退缩 继续向西进发
Well, I think more than anything,
我认为 美国人民所有品质中
the American character is perseverance.
坚韧不拔是最为突出的
They persevered, they fought,
他们坚持不懈 不屈不挠
it wasn't easy against great odds,
前路渺茫让旅途倍加艰难
but they had persevered.
但他们坚持住了
Boone's friend and companion Felix Walker writes:
布恩的同伴菲利克斯·沃克写道
He conducted the company through the wilderness
他带领着我们穿越荒野一路西进
with such bravery
心怀无限勇气
Indeed, he appeared void fear
在他的脸上 读不出一丝畏惧
with too little caution for the enterprise
勇往直前 毫不畏首畏尾
50 of Boone's men die settling in Kentucky
布恩的队伍中有一半人在西迁肯塔基的途中死去
But within 20 years,
此后的20年间
200,000 Americans pour in behind them
20万后继者蜂拥而至
We were a burgeoning society
我们不断发展壮大
Sunddenly we realized whoa,
突然 我们意识到
the owner's manual says,
产权书上说
this is all ours,
"这地都是我们的了
keep going west.
继续往西去吧"
Land hunger becomes a fever
土地扩张成为热潮
Even for the government
政府也不例外
1803, 27 years after independence
1803年 美国独立后27年
the single biggest real estate deal in history
美国与法国进行了历史上最大的房地产交易
President Tomas Jefferson
总统托马斯·杰斐逊
buys the vast Louisiana territory from Napoleon.
从拿破仑手中购得了广袤的路易斯安那
Half a billion acres for 3 cents an acre.
以每英亩三美分的价格 得到了5亿英亩土地
Just as the America will one day go to the moon
正如日后美国人会探索月球一样
Now a mission into this unknown.
对这片新大陆的探索即将展开
Lewis and Clark wanted to see what's on the other side
路易斯和克拉克想看看山的那头风景如何
Given a mountain we want to climb it.
重山峻岭屹立于前 我们本能地渴望翻越
We hold those ventures of the past
对先辈们的无限景仰
and great admiration.
激励着我们一往无前
May 1804,
1804年5月
a presidential aid and a junior army officer
总统助理和一名下级军官
set out on a mapping expedition
开始了一场勘察地形的远征
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's journey
梅尔怀泽·路易斯和威廉姆·克拉克的旅程
is about to become one of the most epic tales of survival
将成为最具传奇色彩的英雄故事
in American history.
而被载入史册
The Rockies:
落基山
unknown, mythical.
未知而神秘
Even woolly mammoth are fabled to roam here.
据传猛犸象仍在此出没
Treacherous, too.
同样 潜伏着致命杀机
No one expects the Rockies
没人预料到落基山
to be 90 separate mountain ranges,
竟包含多达90个分散的山脉
3,000 miles long.
绵延三千英里
They're caught in a death trap.
他们被困于此 眼看必死无疑
After two weeks, starvation sets in.
两周后 饥饿开始侵袭
They eat any plants they can find.
能找到的植物 都被他们用来充饥
Next, they eat their horses.
接着 便是随行马匹
The expedition is given up as dead.
远征眼看要在死亡面前止步
But they survive,
但他们挺了下来
and they owe their survival to a 16-year-old Native American girl.
这全仰仗着一个16岁的印第安女孩
Sacagawea of the Shoshone Nation guides them,
肖松尼族女孩萨卡加维亚带他们走出了困境
finds wild food,
帮他们在野外觅食
and saves their precious million-word journals from an overturned canoe.
并从翻船中救回了他们珍贵的百万字日志
In 1805, William Clark notes in his journal:
1805年威廉姆·克拉克在日志中写道
Ocean in view!
大海就在我们眼前
Oh! The joy!
多么振奋啊
They are the first New Americans to reach the Pacific Ocean over land.
他们是穿越大陆到达太平洋的第一批新美国人
Lewis and Clark's remarkable expedition
路易斯和克拉克这场非同寻常的探险
discovers 300 species of wildlife,
发现了300余种野生生物
transforming science and agriculture.
成就了自然科学与农业的重大转折
But their journals record an even greater discovery,
同时 他们还在日志中记录了更伟大的发现
one that will forge a whole new breed of American hero.
这一发现 将造就新一代的美国英雄
America.
美国
East and West.
无论东部还是西部
The pioneering spirit of Americans
极具探索精神的美国人
has busted the continent wide-open.
足迹早已遍布这片大陆
Lewis and Clark's heroic expedition through the Rockies
路易斯和克拉克跨越落基山的英勇探险
uncovers a route to the West's most valuable commodity...
发现了西部最具价值的商业资源
beaver.
海狸
Their pelts, frontier hard currency.
海狸皮毛是边区的硬通货
Traded by Native Americans for guns, knives, salt.
印第安人用它来交换刀枪和食盐
And they're a high-fashion luxury for the rich.
同时它们也是权贵们向往的时尚奢侈品
They've been hunted nearly to extinction in Europe.
在欧洲 海狸基本被猎杀殆尽
Here they're everywhere.
但在这里 海狸无处不在
Millions of them.
数不胜数
The freezing Rocky Mountain water
冰冷的落基山泉
makes the beaver pelts thicker, warmer,
让海狸的皮毛更为厚实 暖和
more expensive than other fur.
比起其他皮毛 更为贵重
New iron traps from New York foundries
纽约工厂生产的新型捕兽铁夹
make catching them easier.
使得捕获海狸更为容易
Baited with the beaver's own scent glands,
被同类的气味所诱
they're drawn to their death.
上了钩的海狸只有死路一条
October 1823.
1823年10月
300 eager trappers roam the Rockies,
300名猎人在落基山中穿梭
searching for their fortune.
搜寻着他们的猎物
One in five won't make it out alive.
他们中有五分之一 将无法生还
Trapping's harsh, hungry work.
捕猎是极耗费体力的工作
6,000 calories a day are needed
每人每天要消耗六千大卡的热量
to survive the extreme conditions--
用来抵御恶劣的环境
three times what we eat today.
是现代人摄入热量的三倍
Jedediah Smith is the greatest hunter of all.
杰迪戴亚·史密斯是猎人中的佼佼者
24 years old.
年仅24岁
He walks up to 1,000 miles in the Rockies each year.
他每年要在落基山走上1000英里
Traps 600 pelts in a season--
每季能捕获600条海狸皮
three years' pay back East.
相当于在东部3年的收入
Smith is a devout Christian.
史密斯是一名虔诚的基督徒
Doesn't drink, doesn't smoke.
不吸烟 不喝酒
Bible and gun are constant companion.
圣经与枪是身边的必备之物
He's smart, works with the Native Americans.
他非常聪明 深谙与印第安人的相处之道
The Crow show him ancient shortcuts,
克罗族印第安人带他熟悉各种捷径
sell him horses, nurse his sick men back to health.
卖给他马匹 帮他照顾生病的同伴
Wilderness survival.
他在荒野中得以维生
For millennia,
千年来
the tribes of North America
北美的原始部落
have adapted themselves to live in any condition,
早已学会了适应各种恶劣的环境
from arid plains to harsh mountain pass.
从荒芜的平原 到艰险的山路
Jed Smith uses their knowledge and his skill
杰迪·史密斯利用印第安人的经验与自己的技能
to open up the West for vast fur-trapping profits.
开始了在西部一本万利的皮毛生意
He'll die a rich man.
他去世时已富甲一方
But today he's not the hunter.
但这一天 他却不是猎人
He's the hunted.
而成了猎物
Jed Smith's friend James Clyman writes:
杰迪·史密斯的好友詹姆斯·克莱曼写道
The grizzly did not hesitate,
灰熊没有片刻犹豫
springing on the captain,
飞身跃到队长身上
breaking his ribs and cutting his head.
踩断他的肋骨 并撕咬他的头部
This gave us a lesson on the character of the grizzly,
灰熊给了我们一个血的教训
which we did not forget.
让我们永世难忘
The grizzly bear is the most deadly frontier beast.
在落基山中 最致命的威胁是灰熊
100,000 of these terrifying killers are on the prowl.
十万如此让人胆寒的杀手在林间徘徊
Up to ten feet tall, 1,000 pounds,
最大的足有十英尺高 一千磅重
they don't fear man...
且不惧怕人类
yet.
那时还不
Today there are fewer than 2,000 grizzlies in the Rockies.
今天 落基山中仅余不足2000只灰熊
Halfway to death,
杰迪·史密斯当时奄奄一息
Jed Smith's right-hand man, James Clyman,
他的得力助手詹姆斯·克莱曼
stitches his scalp and ear back to his head.
把他的头皮和耳朵缝合到头部
I put in my needle,
我把线穿到针上
stitching it through and through and over and over,
一针一针地缝合
laying the lacerated parts together as nice as I could.
尽力把撕裂的伤口缝合平整
There is an amazing sense of confidence
美国精神中的这种自信
as part of that American spirit
尤为令人叹服
that doesn't... even think about failing.
甚至从不去想失败的可能
Jed Smith pushes on.
杰迪·史密斯重踏征程
This is the new character of America:
这就是新的美国精神
frontier grit, rugged individualism, survival.
开拓进取 个性张扬 坚韧顽强
And something else survives, too.
另一些东西也随之得以流传
The trails he forges become settler paths,
他开拓的道路成为迁徙者之路
wagon trains, roads
先是马车道 然后是公路
and today Interstate 15.
如今则是15号州际公路
And Americans follow the new tracks west in a tidal wave of hope.
美国人满怀热望 沿着新辟的道路一直西进
May 1846.
1846年5月
Thousands of men, women and children.
成千上万的男女老少踏上征程
Riding, walking, pushing.
骑马 步行 赶车
They're heading for a new life 2,000 miles away.
他们正奔向2000英里以外的新生活
It was a land of opportunity.
那是一片充满机遇的土地
You can make of yourself what you want.
你可以想你所想 为你所为
You're only held back by your own desires.
只有想不到 没有做不到
Germans, Belgians, French.
德国人 比利时人 法国人
Catholics, Presbyterians, Mormons.
天主教徒 长老会众 摩门教徒
One of the world's great mass migrations begins.
这场世界级的大迁徙拉开了序幕
The pioneer spirit has moved on.
开拓精神薪火相传
In this colossal migration
在这场奔向俄勒冈和加利福尼亚的
to Oregon and California,
规模浩大的移民潮中
America will finally define its character.
美国人最终找到了自己的定位
It's the American dream,
那就是美国梦
then as now,
而如今则表现为
the people want an already good life to get better.
人们追求美好生活锦上添花
They can walk ten miles a day for up to six months straight.
他们能连续六个月每日跋涉10英里
Some go through ten pairs of boots each.
有些人甚至磨破了十双靴子
Half are children.
其中有一半是孩子
On route, one in five of the women are pregnant.
在旅程中 五分之一的妇女身怀六甲
But these aren't America's poor.
但他们绝非美国的贫苦大众
Families sell farms,
这些家庭卖掉农场
save for five years to join the exodus,
省吃俭用五年之久以筹举家迁徙之资
risking it all.
可谓孤注一掷
I think if there is one episode that encapsulates the American spirit,
我认为如果要将美国精神浓缩为一个篇章
I think it is probably the Move West.
这一篇章可能非西进运动莫属
Whip those mules and horses
他们赶着骡子和马
and cross those rivers and cross over those mountains
跋山涉水 历尽艰险
to the unknown and say,
奔向未知 他们对自己说
"I'm leaving everything behind.
我已经破釜沉舟
"I'm leaving everything that I know behind
我已经义无反顾
to reinvent myself."
只为拥抱新生
A wagon and oxen cost minimum $5,000 in today's money.
一整套马车至少价值现在的5000美元
But it buys a complete life-support machine.
但在当时却意味着全副身家性命
The wagons carry a precious cargo,
这些马车载着珍贵的货物
1,000 pounds of supplies and a grubstake
重达1000磅的日常补给和衣物
for your journey, your entire new life in the West.
用以支撑旅途及日后西部的全新生活
The pioneering spirit is ingenious.
开拓者们匠心独运
Essential drinking water captured
关乎生计的饮用水源自
from rain on the wagon canvas.
马车帆布篷顶收集的雨水
Even the oxen's dung is fuel for fires.
连牛粪也被用作燃料
And like today, there are tolls.
和如今一样 当时也有通行费
Native Americans charge $10 for road
原住民们向他们收取如今价值10元的过路费
and $100 for river crossings, in modern money.
和100元的过河费
But the greatest toll of all...
然而最昂贵的费用
human lives.
莫过于人命
In all, 20,000 Americans will die reaching the West.
共两万多名美国人命丧西迁之路
Ten graves for every mile.
每英里路伴随着10座坟头
But one story of suffering and death will show just
接下来这个满纸血泪的故事 足以述尽
how far the pioneers will go to conquer the West.
先驱们征服西部之路的遥远与艰辛
June 1846.
1846年6月
A wagon train heads west.
一列马车队正向西行进
Its leader is George Donner.
队长叫做乔治·唐纳
Good luck.
好运
Good, now push!
很好 用力
Push!
用力
His wife, Tamsen Donner, is a school teacher.
他的妻子塔姆森·唐纳 是一名教师
Yes, okay.
就这样 好了
But on the trail,
但是在漫漫长路中
women must turn their hands to anything.
女人们不得不事事亲力亲为
The Donner Party are halfway
此时唐纳一行正在
across the blistering Wyoming Prairie,
穿越酷热的怀俄明草原的路上
miles from the nearest doctor,
最近的医生也在好几英里之外
with barely any water.
而水源则更是匮乏
Good, yes.
很好 就这样
Okay.
好
I think the women who came across America in the early days,
早些年那些跋山涉水穿越美国的女人们
must've been made up of the strongest fiber possible.
可能是这世上最坚韧的女性了
It's unimaginable.
简直难以想象
Good.
好极了
Yes.
好了
The new American's mother and father
这个新生儿的母亲和父亲
are Philippine and Ludwig Keseberg.
分别叫菲律宾和路德维格·凯斯伯格
They christen their son Louis.
他们给儿子取教名为路易斯
The journey is tough...
旅途艰苦
but the going's good.
但过程还算顺利
Tamsen Donner writes in her journal:
塔姆森·唐纳在日志中写道
I could never believe
我简直不敢相信
we could have traveled so far
虽然行进了如此之远
with so little difficulty.
途中却鲜有磨难
Indeed if we do not experience anything worse,
要是前方没有更大的磨难的话
I shall say the trouble is all in getting started.
我不得不说 这一路也就启程之时最为艰难
But as leader of the wagon train,
然而 作为马车队的队长
Tamsen's husband, George Donner,
塔姆森的丈夫 乔治·唐纳
is aware there's one final obstacle to their journey.
知道最后一道天险横亘在他们的旅途上
The Sierra Nevada.
那就是 内华达山脉
Peaks up to 14,000 feet.
海拔高达14000英尺
Fail to clear the mountain passes before the first snow falls
若在初雪之前不能穿过山路
and the consequences are terrifying.
后果将不堪设想
But as the Donner Party approaches Utah,
但当唐纳一行快到犹他州时
George Donner makes a fateful decision,
乔治·唐纳作出了一个致命的决定
leading a splinter group off from the main party.
脱离大队 另辟蹊径
He's read one of the many new trail guidebooks,
当时路线指南盛行 他读过其中一本
showing a shortcut
书上介绍了一条捷径
that claims to shave two weeks off the journey time.
声称能够缩短两周的行程
Hastings Cutoff is said to be a saving of 400 miles.
据说黑斯廷斯捷径可以缩短400里的脚程
We are informed it is a fine, level road
书中说那条路平坦易行
with plenty of water and grass.
并且沿途水草丰美
But Donner's information is wrong.
然而唐纳的信息大错特错
In fact, the "Shortcut"
实际上 这条所谓的捷径
adds 100 miles to the journey.
反而增加了100里的行程
High in the Sierra Nevada,
在内华达山脉深处
the Donner Party enters the Truckee Pass.
唐纳一行踏上了塔基山道
They're only 30 miles from the California plains.
此时他们离加利福尼亚平原只有30英里
But supplies are dangerously low,
但是食物已经所剩无几
and traveling through the mountains is taking its toll.
并且长期的山路颠簸也初现恶果
A broken axle.
一根车轴断了
The Donner Party stops to make repairs.
唐纳一行停下来修理马车
But that night...
但就在那天晚上
5 feet of snow falls.
大雪从天而降 积雪足有5英尺
Soon the drifts are 60 feet deep.
很快积雪就深达60英尺
The Donner Party will be stranded for five months.
唐纳车队将被迫滞留深山5个月
In just three weeks, they've eaten all their food.
仅仅三周 他们就已经弹尽粮绝
Then they kill their pack animals.
接着他们杀了驮行李的牲畜充饥
Next, they eat charred bones,
然后 吃掉烤焦的骨头
twigs, bark,
树枝 树皮
leaves, dirt...
树叶 甚至泥土
and worse.
但更糟的还在后面
Even the wind held its breath as the suggestion was made
当他们决定要牺牲一个人来挽救大家的时候
that were one to die, the rest might live.
就连呼啸的寒风 似乎都屏住了呼吸
Cannibalism.
食人
Christmas 1846.
1846年圣诞节
They eat their first human.
他们分食了第一个人
Bodies are cut up,
尸体被分割成块
flesh labeled, so people don't eat their own kin.
血肉上标有名字 以免误食亲属
Four rescue parties bring out some survivors.
四个救援队救出一些幸存者
The very last finds Philippine's husband
最后一支队伍找到了菲律宾的丈夫
Ludwig, alone.
路德维格 孤身一人
He is surrounded by bones, entrails,
他四周堆满森森白骨和人体内脏
and a 2-gallon kettle of human blood.
以及一个装满两加仑人血的壶
George Donner's body is found,
乔治·唐纳的尸体被找到时
skull split open, his brain removed.
颅骨开裂 大脑已不知去向
Tamsen Donner's body is never found.
塔姆森·唐纳的尸体已无迹可寻
The pass is renamed the "Donner Pass,"
这条路后来改名为"唐纳之路"
testament to the hardship of the pioneers' push west.
以纪念西迁之路的先驱们付出的辛酸血泪
Today it's the Lincoln Highway.
如今这里成为林肯高速公路
Thousands drive this road every year.
每年有成千上万辆车川流不息
But beneath the bones of the Donner Party,
然而就在唐纳一行的尸骨下
the Sierra Nevada conceals a seam of gold.
内华达山脉深藏着一条黄金矿层
Largest the world has yet seen.
储量之大堪称彼时世界之最
Gold fever is about to change the West,
淘金热将改变整个西部
and the American character yet again.
甚至重塑美国精神
March 1836.
1836年3月
Texas, the Alamo.
德克萨斯 阿拉莫之战
The American nation is expanding,
美国正在极速扩张
growing stronger, bigger.
日益崛起壮大
But there's something else out there
然而 在那里
even bigger, even stronger:
有更加强大的邻国
Mexico--a superpower.
超级大国 墨西哥
A colossal empire stretching from Oregon to Guatemala.
这个庞大的帝国北抵俄勒冈 南达危地马拉
But Texas is disputed territory.
而德克萨斯正是双方的争议之地
The Mexican government has invited American settlers in,
墨西哥政府曾邀请美国人来此地定居
but are soon overwhelmed by the flood of pioneers.
然而拓荒者的大潮很快席卷了整片土地
Americans, by the thousands, were coming into Texas
成千上万的美国人涌进德克萨斯
and they were not abiding to the agreements to come in as settlers.
而他们作为移民 却不肯遵守协议
And once they out number-- by 1835
到1835年 此地的美国人
Mexicans ten to one in that area,
数量已远超墨西哥人十倍
of course the Americans are thinking about independence.
美国人自是不甘寄人篱下转而谋求独立
The Alamo is where Mexico tries to stem the flood.
墨西哥决定在阿拉莫开战力挽狂澜
The shots that killed Davy Crockett and his fellow settlers
杀死大卫·克罗克特及其同伴移民们的枪声
echoed across America.
在美利坚上空久久回荡
The women and children are spared,
妇女和儿童被赦免遣返
sent back to send the Mexican message,
并带回墨西哥的警告
"Don't come."
"勿越雷池半步"
But America hears something else.
然而美国人听到的却是
"Remember the Alamo."
"牢记阿拉莫之耻"
A turning point.
西进运动的转折点
America will now wage war to go West.
美国在西部发动战事
Texas is won,
德克萨斯全线胜利
California fought and bought.
加利福尼亚则战后买入
The same month California becomes American,
加利福尼亚并入美国当月
it becomes the nation's greatest prize.
就成为美国的最大宝藏
Volcanic magma.
火山下岩浆翻滚
Over millions of years,
数百万年后
in a fault zone beneath the Sierra Nevada,
在内华达山脉之下的断层地带
cooling and pressure create quartz.
岩浆冷却后受压形成石英
And within the quartz, gold.
石英深处 是黄金
The seam is one of the densest on the planet.
此处黄金的富集度堪称世界之最
Rocks erode and the riches are released.
岩石被侵蚀之后 财富终现于世
1848.
1848年
Carpenter James Marshall
一名叫詹姆斯·马歇尔的木匠
finds a 3-ounce nugget in the California river.
在加利福尼亚河里发现一枚3盎司的金块
Two months' pay in his hand,
他手中拿着相当于两月薪水的金粒
but billions of dollars beneath his feet.
脚下踩着的却是价值连城的金山
News of Marshall's discovery
马歇尔发现黄金的消息
spreads to every corner of the world.
迅速传遍世界每个角落
In California, you can taste the American dream:
在加利福尼亚 美国梦是那么触手可及
get rich quick.
一夜暴富
Within a year,
不出一年
100,000 desperate amateur prospectors
十万名狂热的业余淘金者
flood the Sierra foothills.
涌至内华达山麓
It was the American dream distilled to its essence.
美国梦的精髓就在于
Take yourself and go out and try and make a success of it.
努力探索 勇于尝试 走向成功
A Chinese prospector's 100-ounce strike
一名华人淘金者在尤巴河岸
in the Yuba River.
淘到重达100盎司的金块
$26,000 made
一名爱尔兰人四天之内
by a single Irishman in just four days.
就淘出价值26000美元的黄金
A $200,000 super seam
12个墨西哥人在熊之谷
mined by 12 Mexicans at Bear Valley.
发掘出价值20万的大金矿
In the port of San Francisco,
在旧金山港
a plot of land worth $16 before the gold strike
淘金热之前一片售价16美元的土地
now changes hands for $45,000.
如今转手价却飙升至4万5千美元
In two years,
两年之内
the population of California explodes
加利福尼亚的人口爆炸式增长
from 15,000 to 100,000.
从1万5千增长至10万
Now, hand-panning is replaced by lines of sluice boxes
手工淘金被一条条闸盒组成的流水槽替代
desperately combing for anything the first prospectors missed.
人们拼命想筛出先驱者们遗漏的宝藏
And the price of living rockets.
物价飞涨
Picks, pans, shovels go
镐 淘金盒和铁锨等工具的单价
from a few cents to $10 a piece.
从区区几美分涨到10美元
Breakfast costs ten times what it does back East.
早餐的花费比东部贵上10倍
But still the people come.
但淘金者仍纷至沓来
200 abandoned ships in San Francisco harbor,
有200艘船只被遗弃在了旧金山港
the crews deserting, rushing for the hills.
弃船人员向山区匆匆进发
He's traveled 6,000 miles.
他一路航行了6000英里
He's spent all his money.
花光了身上的所有钱财
Now he travels by foot.
现在徒步跋涉
Belgian Jean-Nicolas Perlot writes:
比利时人让·尼古拉斯·佩尔罗写道
We crossed 200 miles of wilderness
我们穿越了200英里的荒野
full of Indians, bears, panthers,
到处都有印第安人 熊 豹
wildcats, snakes of every kind.
野猫和各种蛇出没
The first thing he finds isn't gold.
他首先找到的并非期待中的黄金
It's graves.
而是坟头
200 of them.
足足有200座
Prospectors cut off by rains in the foothills,
淘金者们在山脚陷入大雨围困
starved to death.
结果活活饿死
Approaching, we realized
走近了 我们才发觉
animals of some kind had dug up the bodies.
不知道是些什么动物把坟墓刨开了
I read a note attached to one of the graves.
我看到一座坟头上留有张字条
"God has willed that civilization
上帝的旨意要让此地
should begin in this place,
成为文明的滥觞
With this duty which a man owes to his kind.
创造文明是人对其同类的必履之责
Bury the dead."
请将死者安葬
Perlot does find gold,
佩尔罗找到了金子
but never in the quantities that he'd dreamed.
但没有他期望的那么多
As the gold fields are picked clean, tensions rise,
当金矿几近枯竭时 人际关系陡然恶化
times get tougher.
生计变得更难维持
After just five years, the Gold Rush is over.
淘金热仅仅持续了五年便偃旗息鼓
I think that there is that Western mentality of prospecting--
我觉得淘金热体现了一种西拓精神
try and fail, try and fail,
屡试屡败 屡败屡试
and the fact that you tried is worthy in and of itself.
尝试本身就是价值所在
Of 300,000 who rush to find gold,
在30万之众的淘金队伍中
less than one out of 100 struck it rich.
能发家致富的还不到百分之一
But fortunes were made
真正发财的是
by the merchants and landowners who supplied the miners.
为矿工提供生活设施和补给的商人和地主
From dirt and dreams
脱胎于泥土 起源于梦想
came the great cities of California.
一座座伟大的城市在加州拔地而起
Both the West
西部定居点确立的同时
and the American character that built it are settled.
成就这一切的美国精神也随之确立
Now this new powerhouse will face another revolution.
这个新兴的强大国家将面临另一场革命
October 1818.
1818年10月
A nine-year-old boy comforts his mother
一名9岁男孩安抚着躺在病榻上
as she lies on her deathbed.
将不久于人世的母亲
Milk sickness kills thousands of pioneers every year.
牛奶病每年夺去数千拓荒者的生命
The cause: White Snakeroot eaten by cattle,
病因来自牛吃的一种叫荨麻叶佩兰的植物
the deadly poison passed in milk to humans.
毒素通过牛奶传入了人体中
At 18, the boy becomes a man,
18岁时 他终于长大成人
but he has been working like a man for years,
此时他承担起养家的责任已有数年
battling for existence in this harsh environment.
在艰辛的世道中为生计拼搏奋斗
It was a wild region,
这是一片荒野之地
with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods.
树林里还有许多熊和其他野生动物
There I grew up.
我就是在这样的环境中长大的
I had an ax in my hand from my eighth to my 20th year.
从8岁到20岁 我一直斧不离手
This is the life of American settler stock.
这就是美国拓荒者一代又一代的生活
The young man's grandfather
这个年轻人的祖父
followed Daniel Boone's Wilderness Road into Kentucky.
循着丹尼尔·布恩开辟的荒野之路来到了肯塔基
His father pushed further into the primeval forests of Indiana.
他父亲继续前行 到了印第安纳的原始森林
Settler families of ten or more
拓荒者通常一家十口或更多
live in log cabins built from scratch.
都住在自己亲手搭建的圆木小屋
Single roomed, basic.
通体只有一间房 十分简陋
The trailer homes of the day.
类似于今天的活动房
The wilderness provides everything.
一切资源皆取材于大自然
They make their own rakes, forks, shovels,
他们自制耙子 叉子 铁锨
build their own furniture.
自己动手打造家具
And they bury their dead.
并安葬他们逝去的亲人
In bad years, malaria kills one in eight of the settlers.
疟疾肆虐的年份 八个人就有一个失去生命
Life expectancy is half of what it is today.
平均寿命只有今天的一半
But from adversity comes strength.
但困境能磨练人的意志
This settler's name is Abraham.
这名拓荒者的名字是亚伯拉罕
Abraham Lincoln.
亚伯拉罕·林肯
If you work hard, you can do anything you wanna do.
只要肯努力你可以做任何事情
The possibilities are endless.
一切皆有可能
To me, that was the American dream, as a kid.
对于儿时的我来说 这就是美国梦
Lincoln's family and thousands like theirs
数千个像林肯家这样的家庭
have settled the West in four generations.
历经四代人 完成了西部拓荒
President Thomas Jefferson thought it would take 1,000.
托马斯·杰斐逊总统原以为这会耗时千年
The forests are cleared: five acres a family, a year.
平均每家一年砍伐并清理五英亩森林
In 1800, 23 million acres of Indiana is wilderness.
1800年印第安纳有两千三百万英亩未开垦土地
In 60 years, it's tamed, flat, fertile farmland.
60年后全部变成了宜耕平整富饶的农田
But there is more than forest to clear.
但是要清理的不仅仅是森林
It's always been one of the deep flaws of the American imagination,
美国人的思维总是存在一个根深蒂固的缺陷
that they can't imagine a future
他们无法想象有朝一日
for American-Indian people as Americans.
印第安人也会成为美国的一份子
American-Indian people have to imagine that for themselves,
印第安人只能自己憧憬这一天的到来
and that's the hard part.
这便是困难所在
Keep walking.
继续往前
1830.
1830年
Frontier president Andrew Jackson declares a new policy,
出身西部边区的总统安德鲁·杰克逊颁布了
a policy that America will maintain for more than 100 years.
一项将持续超过100年的政策
The forced relocation of American tribal people onto reservations.
强迫印第安部落迁徙至保留地
You, keep moving!
你 快点
After years of Supreme Court battles,
历经了数年联邦最高法院的法庭争执后
the bill passes Congress by a single vote.
该法案最终在国会一次性投票通过
Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek,
契卡索人 乔克托人 克里克人
Seminole, Cherokee,
塞米诺尔人 切罗基人
all forced off their nations by the point of a bayonet.
在刺刀威胁下纷纷离开了故土
An episode in the conquest of the West
这是拓荒岁月中一段
that even some of the soldiers taking part find shameful.
令参与过胁迫的士兵都无地自容的历史
US Army Private John G. Burnett writes:
美国陆军列兵约翰·G·伯内特写道
The sufferings of the Cherokee were awful.
切罗基族人所遭受的苦难极其残酷
The trail of the exiles was a trail of death.
他们被放逐的一路上横尸无数
They slept in the wagons and on the ground without fire.
他们睡在马车里或没有取暖用火的野地上
I saw as many as 20 die in a single night
我曾见过 一个晚上就有20人死掉
of pneumonia, cold exposure.
被肺炎或严寒夺去生命
Move along.
继续往前
Move along.
继续往前
The march of 1,000 miles becomes the Trail of Tears.
一千英里的长征成了"泪水小径"
It's a shameful act in American history
这是美国历史上一次耻辱的行动
and it's, in its own way, sort of an iconic act
而且它本身带有某种象征性的意义
because it really symbolizes what happened to the Native Americans.
它确实象征了美国印第安人的命运
The West is open for business,
西部具备了通商的条件
but key to the transformation of the region
但整个区域发展的关键
is a river 2,000 miles in length,
是一条长两千英里的河流
fed by rainfall from 31 states.
它汇聚了来自31个州的降水
Running from Minnesota to New Orleans,
北起明尼苏达 南至新奥尔良
the Mighty Mississippi.
气势雄浑的密西西比河
It's a lifeline connecting the West to the outside world.
这是条连接西部与外面世界的生命线
If roads exist, they're muddy tracks.
就算有陆路 也必然是泥泞的小道
This is the only trade artery, the interstate,
这是条唯一的跨州贸易大动脉
that allows the pioneers and settlers
拓荒西部的先驱者和移民们通过它
to sell the produce they've sweated over.
打开他们用汗水浇灌的农产品的销路
A huge amount of goods are shipped out,
数量巨大的货物由水路运出
but they're shipped out in the most nickel-and-dime way.
但每次的运量却少得可怜
A farmer will build a flatboat,
农夫一般会造一艘平底船
fill it up with hogs, sassafras root, ginseng root, tobacco
上面载满猪肉 黄樟根 人参和烟草
whatever it is you grow--put it on the flatboat,
不管种的是什么 全都装上船
use the power of the Mississippi
借用密西西比河水的强大力量
to drift you down to sell them along the riverbank.
顺流而下沿岸寻找买主
Aged 19, Abraham Lincoln
19岁的亚伯拉罕·林肯
makes his first trip down the Mississippi,
生平第一次踏上顺密西西比河而下的旅程
poling his simple raft.
方式是撑着一只简易的木筏
The current is too strong to return upstream.
水流太急很难逆流而返
The primitive flatboats
原始的平底船
are simply sold as lumber in New Orleans.
只能在新奥尔良当作木材售出
Farmers have to walk the 800 miles home
农夫们必须徒步800英里走回家
and begin again.
然后再度踏上相同的旅程
But on that first journey, Lincoln sees the future.
但就在这第一次航行中 林肯看到了未来
A new invention which will transform
一项足以改变整个
the Mississippi, the Midwest, and America.
密西西比 中西部 乃至全美国的发明
The steamboat was the 19th century's time machine,
蒸汽船好比十九世纪的时间机器
just as surely as the airplane was the 20th century's time machine.
正如飞机是二十世纪当之无愧的时间机器一样
It shrunk distance.
它缩短了距离
By shrinking distance, it enabled commerce.
距离缩短了 通商便成为可能
Even upstream,
即便是逆流航行
steamboats can travel 50 miles a day,
蒸汽船一天航程也可达50英里
eight times faster, eight times the cargo of a raft.
八倍于木筏的速度与载货量
But they're deadly.
但它们非常不安全
Over half the early models explode,
早期蒸汽船半数会毁于爆炸
maiming and killing hundreds.
致残致死数百人
But their number triples every decade.
但它们仍以每十年翻三倍的速度递增
They make the Midwest America's economic powerhouse.
它们使中西部成为美国经济的发电站
Within 20 years, St. Louis alone
20年内 仅圣路易斯一座城市的人口
swells from a few hundred to a population of 16,000.
就从几百人发展到1万6千人
Over four generations,
经过四代人的努力
America has grown from a 100-mile-wide strip of colonies
美国从东岸100英里宽的殖民地地带
on the Eastern Seaboard to a continental powerhouse.
一跃成为横跨整个大陆的经济强国
