RESOURCES / 英语学习资源
RESOURCES / 英语学习资源
秀丽英语学习软件支持网上下载的各种视频文件，配合srt格式的英文字幕，就可以用于学习。
以下是为方便大家学习，从网上搜集的一些资源，资源添加中。
美国：我们的故事 第四集 Division/分裂
Commerce and industry thrive across the new nation, now one of the wealthiest on Earth. The Erie Canal brings big risk and bigger reward. In the South, cotton is king but slavery fuels a growing divide. 商业和工业蓬勃发展，在新的国家，现在是地球上最富有的。伊利运河带来了巨大的风险和更大的奖励。在南方，棉花是国王但奴隶制燃料的日益扩大的鸿沟。
视频及中英文字幕文件下载地址：
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英汉双语对照剧本
America is exploding across the continent.
整个美国从东到西呈现爆炸式的增长
The economy is booming.
经济蒸蒸日上
Cotton in the South...
南方的棉花种植业
industry in the North.
北方的工业
But the new nation is divided.
但这个新生国家内部却并不一致
In the land where all men are created equal...
在一个人人生而平等的国度
4 million black Americans live as slaves.
四百万黑人过着奴隶的生活
And it's tearing the nation apart.
它正在加剧着这个国家的分裂
We are pioneers...
我们是前锋
and trailblazers.
也是先驱
We fight... for freedom.
我们为自由而战
We transform our dreams into the truth.
我们将梦想付诸现实
Our struggles... will become a nation.
我们的奋斗将换来一个国家的新生
1825.
1825年
All over the world, the modern era is being born.
全世界迎来了现代化的曙光
It's the Industrial Revolution.
工业革命来临
America is racing to catch up.
美国努力迎头追赶
In upstate New York,
在纽约州北部
a man-made river is cutting through the wilderness.
一条人工运河正在郊野中开凿
The Erie Canal is the biggest construction project
伊利运河 是四千年来
in the Western world in the last 4,000 years.
西方世界规模最大的建筑工程
Over 300 miles long, dug entirely by hand,
全长超过300英里 完全由手工开凿
and America lacks a single qualified engineer.
而当时美国连一名像样的工程师都没有
The United States of America
美国人
isn't about to let nature stand in its way.
不会让大自然阻挡他们的去路
I think of the spirit of America
我认为美国精神是
being imagination combined with tenacity.
想象力与毅力的完美结合
There's a strong work ethic,
人们有兢兢业业的工作精神
a wonderful freedom of creation,
有可以尽情施展的创造力
combined with the mental muscle and physical labor.
加上脑力与体力相得益彰
So to me, it represents the best of the human spirit.
对我来说 它是人类精神的最高体现
But the land doesn't always cooperate.
然而大自然并不见得愿意合作
A wall of solid limestone 60 feet high.
一道60英尺高的石灰岩壁挡住了去路
Just 30 miles from the finish line, Lake Erie.
仅仅30英里开外就是终点 伊利湖
The canal will change everything,
运河将会改变一切
linking the Atlantic Ocean to the whole middle of America.
将整个美国中部与大西洋连接起来
It changes where people live, and why,
它改变人们的居住地点和人生追求
and turns the North into a global economic powerhouse.
把整个北方变成了全球经济中心
The man behind the canal
主持运河开凿的
is New York's gung-ho governor, Dewitt Clinton.
是满腔热忱的纽约州州长 德威特·克林顿
Born to wealth, he won't take no for an answer.
出身富庶之家的他坚信一切皆可为
He wants to be president.
他有志当总统
Instead, he runs New York for 20 years.
却最终在纽约州长任上尽心竭力了20年
America was blessed with many inspirational leaders,
美国历史上出现过许多独具慧眼的领导人
and I think Dewitt Clinton
我认为德威特·克林顿
had a real sense of how important new York could be for America.
深知纽约州的发展对美国意义重大
Clinton's vision: to make New York rich.
克林顿的愿景是 让纽约州富起来
Politically, the canal is a huge gamble.
从政治层面说 开凿运河就像一场豪赌
It's savaged in the press as dangerous and too expensive.
舆论纷纷抨击这项危险而又昂贵的工程
They call it "Clinton's big ditch."
他们将其戏称为"克林顿的大沟"
But it will change New York forever.
而这条"大沟"将永远改变纽约州
It is a work more stupendous,
这一工程比人类迄今为止所完成的
more magnificent, and more beneficial
任何工程都更伟大 更壮观
than has hither to been achieved by the human race.
并能产生更多效益
Entrepreneurship is about doing things
所谓创业精神就是
when you don't know what it's gonna look like,
尽管你不知道结果怎样
you don't know what it's gonna be made of,
也不知道该如何着手
you just have this instinct
你所凭借的只是一种直觉
that you can do it and it'll work.
一种充满必胜信心的直觉
Those guys had visions and did it.
这群人很有远见 并且敢想敢做
50,000 men.
5万人
11 million cubic yards of rock.
1100万立方码的石块
Enough to fillthe Rose Bowl 26,000 times.
足以填满26000个玫瑰碗球场
Crews are filled with Irish immigrants.
工人中有很多是爱尔兰移民
David Gilroy makes five times what he can earn back home,
大卫·吉尔罗伊在这里挣的钱是家乡的5倍
but it's hazardous work.
但这是项危险的工作
They're literally moving mountains,
他们其实是在移山
and there's only one way through-- gunpowder.
而唯一可行的办法就是 用火药
A highly combustible mix of
这是一种由硝酸盐 木炭及硫磺制成的
nitrate, charcoal and sulfur.
极易燃的混合物
The wrong proportions can be lethal.
一旦配比出错 后果就是致命的
There's only one job
只有一项工作比
that's more dangerous than lighting the fuse...
比点燃导火索更危险
going back to relight it.
那就是回去再点一次
To cope, workers drink.
为了克服恐惧 工人们喜欢喝酒
Whiskey calms the nerves--
威士忌能缓解紧张
and clouds the brain.
同时也会麻痹大脑
An English tourist can't believe
一名英国游客不敢相信
they're mixing alcohol and explosives.
他们在执行爆破工作的时候还敢喝酒
The Irish laborers grew so reckless of life,
这些爱尔兰工人变得越发莽撞大胆
that at the signal for blasting,
以至于当听到爆炸的信号时
they would just hold their shovels over their heads.
他们只不过拿铲子在头顶挡一下
I think when you're brought up in America,
我认为成长在美国
you're brought up on the history of hard work.
就是成长在一段辛勤劳动的历史之中
There are so many immigrants
有那么多的移民
that have died to build this country.
为建设这个国家献出了生命
That's in our bloodstream,
这种精神流淌在我们美国人的血液中
that's in our DNA as Americans.
深藏在我们美国人的基因里
We don't want their lives to go in vain.
我们不想让先辈们的牺牲付诸东流
Because of that, we usually work harder than anybody else.
因此 我们会比其他人更勤劳
Eight years of digging.
八年的开凿
Nearly a thousand lives lost.
近千人的牺牲
$7 million, more than 100 million today.
七百万美元的投入 相当于如今的一亿美元
The Erie Canal opens in 1825,
换来了伊利运河于1825年的顺利通航
a miracle of engineering,
一个工程史上的奇迹诞生了
connecting East and Midwest.
东部和中西部从此连为一体
It's an instant economic superhighway.
运河立刻成为了一条推动经济的高速公路
$15 million of goods a year flow along the canal.
每年有总价值1500万美元的货物来往于河上
Villages along the canal boom into dynamic cities--
沿岸的小村庄迅速发展成了发达的城市
Buffalo, Syracuse and Rochester.
水牛城 锡拉丘兹和罗切斯特
Goods crash in price, up to 95%.
物价大幅下降 最大降幅达到95%
A frontier that had to be self-sufficient
昔日不得不自给自足的边陲小镇
can now buy anything they want.
如今各种商品应有尽有
Prosperity is on the move.
繁荣之火开始燎原
New York City becomes a boomtown.
纽约市变成了一座繁华都市
Wall Street takes off as a global financial center.
华尔街迅速崛起 成为了世界金融中心
The city quadruples in size...
城市规模扩大了4倍
and surpasses New Orleans as the nation's number-one port.
并一举超越新奥尔良成为全国第一大港口
There's so much money around,
这里财富聚集
the word "Millionaire" is invented in 1840.
"百万富翁"一词就是1840年在这里诞生的
The Erie Canal still shapes New York today.
伊利运河仍在影响着今天的纽约州
80% of the upstate population
其北部80%的人口
still lives within 25 miles of it.
依然生活在运河25英里的流域范围内
Hundreds of miles to the south,
向南数百英里
a small plant is creating another economic boom.
一种小型作物正在创造另一种经济腾飞
Cotton.
棉花
But this one will eventually tear the nation apart.
然而这种作物也导致了后来的国家分裂
Cotton is native to tropical regions,
棉花原产于热带地区
making the Southern states of the US a perfect breeding ground.
因此美国南部各州成为了理想的种植区
The valued part is the soft fiber
棉花有价值的部分是
which grows tightly around the shrub's sticky seeds.
紧密地长在这种灌木黏性种子周围的柔软纤维
There are 30 species worldwide.
全世界有30个棉花品种
Growing it is no problem,
引进种植不成问题
but processing the fiber before it can be spun into cloth
但是加工这些纤维 并使之能纺织成布料
is labor-intensive.
则需要大量劳动力
Especially, separating the seeds.
特别是在除去棉籽时
For years, it could only be done by hand.
多年来 只能通过手工来完成
One pound took an entire day.
仅分离一磅棉花就需要一整天的劳动
A simple patent filed on March 4, 1794,
1794年3月4日 一项简单的发明
changes all that.
改变了这一切
The cotton gin.
轧棉机
It automates the process
它实现了加工过程自动化
and deeply divides the country.
也加深了国家的分裂
The cotton gin transformed not only America,
轧棉机不仅改变了美国
but the world.
也改变了世界
The concept of mass production using a machine
利用机器进行大规模生产的理念
just exploded everywhere.
从此开始在各地流行
One man can now process 50 times more cotton.
一个工人现在能加工比从前多50倍的棉花
Output skyrockets all over the South.
整个南方的棉产量因此突飞猛进
In 1830, America is producing half the world's cotton.
1830年 美国棉产量占世界总产量的一半
By 1850, it's nearly 3/4.
到1850 这一比例接近四分之三
Called white gold,
被喻为"白色黄金"的棉花
cotton supports a new lavish lifestyle in the South.
给南方带来了一种新式的奢华生活
By 1850,
到1850年
there are more millionaires per capita in Natchez, Mississippi,
密西西比州的纳奇兹市的人均百万富翁数量
than anywhere else on Earth.
比全世界任何一个地方都要多
The richest man in town owns 40,000 acres,
城里最富有的人拥有4万英亩田地
nearly three times the size of Manhattan Island.
几乎是曼哈顿岛的3倍大
The South is thriving
南方的迅速繁荣
on the backs of humans owning other humans.
离不开一种人剥削人的制度
It's called slavery.
也就是奴隶制
The North is implicated in the South's success.
北方也受到了南方繁荣的影响
The industrial North is profiting from Southern cotton,
工业发达的北方从南方的棉花中获益
but turns a blind eye to slavery.
而对奴隶制却视而不见
Many of them slave owners themselves,
开国元勋中的许多人自己就是奴隶主
the Founding Fathers assumed slavery would soon disappear.
他们以为奴隶制会很快消失
Slavery has already been abolished for 20 years in Britain
奴隶制在英国已经被废除了20年
and is outlawed across most of Europe.
而且在欧洲的大多数地区属于违法
But with the cotton explosion,
但由于棉产量的剧增
slavery becomes critical to the Southern economy.
奴隶制变得对南方经济极其重要
Each slave is now 50 times more profitable.
现在每个奴隶可以创造比以前多50倍的利润
A slave who sold for $300 before the cotton gin
在轧棉机问世前 只卖300美元的奴隶
goes for nearly 2,000 by 1860.
到1860年可以卖到近2000美元
People don't really realize this,
人们没有真正意识到这一点
but slavery was actually on the decline in the South
在轧棉机发明之前
prior to the invention of the cotton gin,
奴隶制在南方实际是在逐渐衰退的
but then once the cotton gin made it so practical to grow cotton,
然而 轧棉机使得棉花种植如此有利可图
all of a sudden, every farmer in the South
突然间 所有南方农场主
wanted to plant as much cotton as possible.
都想尽可能地多种棉花
But overproduction is destroying the land.
然而过度种植导致了土地贫瘠
Cotton heads west in search of fertile soil,
棉花种植向西部肥沃的土地进发
bringing slavery with it.
并带去了奴隶制
But antislavery forces in the North want to keep the frontier free.
而北方的废奴势力则要维护边远地区的自由
The stage is set for the first battles in the war over slavery.
废奴战争的第一枪即将打响
Cotton is changing the way Americans live.
棉花改变了美国人的生活方式
In time, it will blow the nation apart.
不久以后 它还会带来国家的分裂
For the South, cotton is a gold mine.
对南方来说 棉花就是金矿
Now the North wants a piece of the action.
而现在北方也想来分一杯羹
It's a partnership that makes everyone rich,
这种互利共赢的合作关系
based on a new machine,
建立在一种新型机器的基础上
the power loom.
动力织布机
Raw cotton comes in,
运进来的是粗制棉绒
finished cloth goes out.
送出去的是精美的布料
All under one roof.
一切都在一个车间内完成
The modern factory is born.
现代工厂诞生了
Lowell, Massachusetts,
马萨诸塞州的洛威尔
is called the city of spindles, a textiles boomtown.
这个纺织业发达的城市有着"纺锤之城"的美称
Population explodes
人口在短短15年内
from 200 in 1820 to nearly 20,000 in just 15 years.
由1820年的200人骤增至近20000人
More than a third of the town works in the mills.
城里超过三分之一的人在工厂里工作
85% are single women between 15 and 25.
其中85%是15岁至25岁的单身女性
Harriet Robinson is ten.
哈丽特·罗宾逊只有10岁
When her father dies, she goes to work at the mill.
父亲死后 她就进了工厂
I can see myself now, racing down the alley,
那情景历历在目 我在走廊里来回穿梭
between the spinning frames,
奔走于纺机之间
carrying in front of me a bobbin box bigger than I was.
搬着个比自己还大的线筒箱
Women earn money for the first time.
妇女第一次可以通过劳动挣钱
Harriet's wages help supporther family.
哈丽特的工钱帮助补贴家用
Industrialization is changing everyone's lives.
工业化改变着每个人的生活
All the mill girls make good use of their money.
所有女童工的收入都得到了合理利用
The mortgage is lifted from the homestead,
家里的抵押被赎回来了
the farmhouse is painted.
农舍也被粉刷一新
Mill girls help maintain widowed mothers
女童工的收入能贴补守寡的母亲
and drunken or invalid fathers.
或者酗酒或者伤残的父亲
We were paid $2 a week.
我们每周能挣2美元
Oh, how proud I was when
当轮到我站在线筒箱上时
it came to my turn to stand up on the bobbin-box.
我是多么激动啊
When women really joined the workforce in the cotton mills and the thread factories,
当妇女到纺织厂制线厂真正参与生产劳动时
I think it gave women an opportunity to get out,
这使她们有机会挣脱传统束缚
be serious about being bread winners.
并认真考虑自力更生了
And it changed the whole fabric of America.
这改变了整个美国的社会格局
The mills also revolutionize how Americans dress.
纺织工厂还掀起了美国人的服装革命
Mass production of cheap cotton fabrics
廉价棉布的大量生产
spawns America's clothing industry.
振兴了美国的服装业
Previously, most families made their own clothes.
以前 大多数家庭的衣服都是自制的
Now, people buy ready-to-wear.
现在 人们开始购买成衣
Eastern fashions replace buckskin.
东方潮流取代了鹿皮大衣
By 1850,
到1850年
men's clothing is the largest manufacturing industry in New York City.
服装业成了纽约市最大的制造业
For me, what makes me proudest to be an American
作为美国人 我最自豪的一点就是
is that American spirit of productivity, optimism,
美国精神中的高效和乐观
this idea that the world doesn't have to be doom and gloom,
坚信人定胜天 前景光明
that we can use technology to make our lives better.
我们可以利用科技让生活更美好
Fashion isn't the only innovation to come out of the mills.
时装并不是来自纺织厂的唯一新事物
Technology developed here will lead straight to Silicon Valley.
这里发明的技术直接导致了硅谷的诞生
Looms pioneer punch cards to produce patterned fabric.
织布机上首创了穿孔卡 用于生产带花纹的布料
Each hole in the card tells
卡上的每个孔
the loom to use a different-colored thread, a yes-no decision.
决定织机是否使用不同颜色的纺线
It's binary code, the basis of all modern computers.
这就是二进制代码 所有现代计算机的基础
The birth of the computer and Internet
计算机和互联网的诞生
began in cotton mills with these looms.
都始于棉纺工厂里的织机
You know, in every major development,
我认为 在美国历史上的每一个
I think, in the history of America,
重要的发展时期
technology has been at the center of it.
科技都起到了核心作用
Despite 12-hour shifts,
尽管轮班时间长达12个小时
the factories offer a new world of opportunity for women.
工厂还是给妇女们带来了无限的机遇
They are reading more, talking more, educating themselves.
她们通过更多的阅读和交流来提高自己
Yeah, reading books on factory time was against the rules,
没错 在上工时间读书是违规的
but we hid books in apron pockets and waste baskets.
但我们把书藏在围裙口袋和废料桶里
Sometimes we pasted poems on our looms to memorize.
有时我们也把诗贴在织机上背诵
And for the first time in America, their voices are heard.
美国社会第一次听到了她们的声音
October 1836.
1836年10月
Women from the Lowell Mills gather after work and organize.
洛威尔纺织厂的女工下班后有组织地聚集起来
Their protest against wage cuts
她们反对降薪的抗议
is one of the first strikes in US history.
是美国历史上最早的罢工之一
And they will win.
最后 她们赢了
The mill boss is back down.
工厂老板作出了让步
A generation of young women go on to become teachers,
新一代的年轻女性后来成为了老师
writers and even college graduates.
作家 甚至大学毕业生
Harriet Robinson will become a leading suffragette,
哈丽特·罗宾逊后来成了争取妇女参政权的领军人物
and testify before Congress.
并在国会前作证
They're the first wave in a movement
她们是第一批
that results in women getting the vote.
争取妇女选举权运动的发起者
Their secret meetings at night are only possible
照亮她们夜间秘密会议的灯光
with the light from lamps powered by an extraordinary creature.
来自一种非凡生物点燃的油灯
Whale oil opened up the night,
鲸油照亮了夜晚
and like so many really transformative technological innovations,
正如许多其它革命性的新发明一样
it expanded human freedom.
它使人们更加自由
It created a way for people to get more, do more and achieve more.
它为人们开拓了一条多劳多得的劳动之路
Crude oil won't be discovered for another 20 years.
原油在20年之后才被发现
Until then, America runs on whale oil.
在那之前 是鲸油照亮着美国
The whaling industry
捕鲸业
helped invent part of the Industrial Revolution
推动了工业革命中的研发过程
and the classic American workaholic,
还给典型的美国工作狂帮了大忙
work-round-the-clock kind of environment,
通宵达旦的工作环境
where if you have more light
在这种环境下 如果你能有更多的亮光
to keep you going in those dark winter days,
来熬过那段不见天日的寒冬
you could get more done, you could make more money,
就能有更多成就 赚到更多钱
and you could kind of drive the economy forward.
因而在某种程度上你也推动了经济的发展
Whales are among the largest creatures to ever live on Earth.
鲸是在地球上曾有过的最大的生物之一
Up to 180 tons and more than 100 feet long.
体重可达一百八十吨 身长逾百英尺
A single whale can produce
一条鲸鱼可以制成
up to 3,000 gallons of oil.
可以高达三千加仑[约11立方米]的鲸油
Even today, whale oil is used by NASA.
时至今日 美国航空航天局仍在使用鲸油
The Hubble space telescope runs on it.
哈勃空间望远镜就是靠鲸油工作的
Whaling is one of the North's biggest industries,
捕鲸业是北方最大的产业之一
bringing in $11 million a year.
每年带来一千一百万美元的收入
But the human cost is also high.
但从业者的伤亡代价也很高
Half of all ships will eventually be lost at sea.
一半的捕鲸船最后会在大海里失踪
Few men are willing to take the risk.
很少有人甘冒此风险
But it's an opportunity for African-Americans.
但对于非裔美国人来说 这却是一个良机
20,000 freemen and escaped slaves take to the seas.
两万名自由人和逃跑的奴隶选择了出海
John Thompson is a runaway from Maryland.
约翰·汤普森是马里兰州一名逃跑的奴隶
I have a family in Philadelphia.
我的家在费城
But fearing to remain there any longer,
但我不敢再在那里多呆
I thought I would go on a whaling voyage
我想到了去航海捕鲸
where I stood least chance of
抓捕逃奴的赏金猎人们不太可能
being arrested by slave hunters.
跑到海上来追捕我
The equal opportunity offered in whaling is ahead of its time.
捕鲸业所提供的平等机会超前于其所处的时代
Here, a colored man is only known and looked upon as a man
在这里 有色人种真正被当人看待
and is promoted in rank according to his ability and skill
并且他们的晋升只取决于能力和技术水平
to perform the same duties as a white man.
干的活也和白人一样
The whaling industry offered
从某种角度来说 捕鲸业
an ex-slave like John Thompson
为那些像约翰·汤普森一样当过奴隶的人
the possibility of socialand economic fluidity, mobility
提供了社会经济层面的流动性
and acceptance in a way.
和被人接受的可能性
Even in the North,
即使在北方
that was not possible for black people otherwise.
对于黑人来说 这在其它行业也是不可能的
The man on the lookout cried out,
负责瞭望的人大声叫道
"There she blows!"
"她在那儿喷水呢"
There were four whales in sight,
海面上出现了四只鲸鱼
not more than 3/4 of a mile distant.
距离他们只有不到四分之三英里
It takes hours to kill them.
猎杀它们需要花费数小时的时间
They use state-of-the-art harpoons
他们用的是最先进的鱼叉
invented by runaway slave Lewis Temple.
这是由一个名叫路易斯·坦普的逃奴发明的
The whale can only be killed by lancing him under the fin,
杀死鲸鱼的唯一方法是在鱼鳍处捅入鱼叉
which is a work of much skill and practice.
这需要很多练习和技巧
A monster, terrible in his fury,
一头盛怒之中的猛兽
able to shiver the boat in atoms by one stroke of his tail.
足以在摆尾之间让小船灰飞烟灭
And yet even the dangers at sea
但海上生活纵使再凶险
are preferable to the horror of life as a slave.
也比可怕的奴隶生活要强得多
Punishment is savage for those who risk escape,
对那些冒险逃跑的奴隶的惩罚手段极其凶残
but some will do anything to be free.
但仍有人为了自由不惜一切代价
1841, New Orleans.
1841年 新奥尔良
Ground zero for the slave trade.
奴隶交易的中心
It's auction day.
这一天是拍卖日
The day every slave fears the most.
一个让所有奴隶心惊胆战的日子
In the first half of the 19th century,
在十九世纪上半叶
over half a million slaves are sold at auction.
超过一半的奴隶是在拍卖会上被卖出的
It's a business worth $2 billion to the Southern economy.
这一行业在南方经济中占了20亿美元
Since the cotton boom,
由于棉花种植业的繁荣
the value of slaves has skyrocketed.
奴隶的价格飙升
Now men cost $1,000.
现在 男奴隶1000美元
Women, 800.
女奴隶800美元
Children, 500.
儿童500美元
Solomon Northup,
所罗门·诺萨普
an educated freeman from the North,
一位来自北方的受过教育的自由人
was kidnapped into slavery.
因遭绑架而沦为奴隶
You, come over here.
你 到这边来
He would make us hold up our heads,
他会要求我们把头抬起来
walk us briskly back and forth,
让我们快速来回奔跑
while customers would feel our hands and arms and bodies,
这样 顾客们就能观察我们的手臂和躯干
make us open up our mouths and show our teeth,
他让我们张开嘴巴露出牙齿
precisely as a jockey examines a horse,
简直就像一个骑师在检验马匹
which he is about to barter for or purchase.
然后再决定是用钱还是用货物来完成交易
Scars upon a slave's back were considered
奴隶后背上的伤疤被视为
evidence of a rebellious or unruly spirit,
该奴隶反叛或难以管束的证据
and hurt his sale.
因而影响售价
Take your top off.
把上衣脱了
90% of all African-Americans are slaves,
九成的非裔美国人都是奴隶
4 million men, women and children.
包括400万男人 女人和小孩
We had based this country on
我们的建国纲领是
everyone having inalienable rights to freedom and equality,
人人都享有不容侵犯的自由和平等权利
and yet we created a system of abject persecution.
然而 我们也创造了一套惨无人道的迫害机制
Slaves are fattened for auction, like livestock.
奴隶们被养肥了送去拍卖 就像牲口一样
Dark-skinned men are bought for the fields,
深肤色的男人被买走干农活
light-skinned women for the house.
而浅肤色的女人则用来做家务活
Traders lie about their ages,
奴隶贩子们谎报他们的年龄
even dye a slave's gray hairs.
甚至会给奴隶的白发染色
For the plantation owners,
对于农场主来说
it was like just going to your local supermarket to get sugar or flour.
买奴隶就像去当地的超市买糖和面粉一样
They had become so desensitized to the humanity of the slave
他们已经完全忘了奴隶也是人
that they did not see them as human beings.
以至于根本不把奴隶当人看
Buyers demand the most fertile slaves for breeding.
买家需要生育能力强的奴隶来繁衍后代
The most expensive are light-skinned teenage virgins.
身价最高的就是浅肤色未成年处女
Rape is common.
强奸已是稀松平常
Eliza's from a state plantation.
伊莱扎来自一个州立农场
She's being sold, with her two children,
和她一起被拍卖的还有她的两个孩子
Emily and Randall.
埃米莉和兰德尔
In Louisiana,
在路易斯安那州
it's illegal forchildren under 11 to be taken from their parents.
将11岁以下的孩子从父母身边带走是违法的
Boy, come over here.
小伙子 过来
It happens all the time.
但这种事屡见不鲜
Show me your teeth.
给我看看你的牙齿
You know, 140 years is not
140年的时间对于
a really long time in the context of history.
整个历史进程来说并不漫长
So it's hard for me to believe
所以 我真的不敢相信
that blacks didn't have any rights here,
140年前黑人在这里没有任何权利可言
they weren't treated as human beings,
他们遭受的是非人的对待
they were treated like animals, essentially.
本质上 他们的待遇和动物无异
Sir, please!
求你了 先生
Over half the sales at auction will tear a family apart.
拍卖会上过半的交易都会拆散一个家庭
If you've ever been eight, to think of being
想象一下 一个八岁的孩子
separated from your mother and your father
被迫与父母分开
and sold and you'll never see them again.
被人买走 永远不能再见父母一面
The horror of that, the poignancy of all of that,
想象一下这过程中的惊恐与辛酸
and yet that's the kind of thing that happened across the South
而类似事件却在整个南方屡见不鲜
up until the end of slavery.
直到奴隶制度瓦解
Okay, my final offer,
好了 我最后一次出价
I'll give you 1,000 for that man, 900 for that man.
这个男人我出一千 那个男人我出九百
That woman there, $700.
那边那个女人 我出七百
Please, buy my child!
求你买下我的孩子吧
Sir!
先生
Sir!
先生
I have seen mothers kissing for the last time
我曾多次目睹过母亲最后一次亲吻
the faces of their dead offspring,
逝去的孩子的脸颊
but never have I seen such an exhibition of intense grief
但我却从没见过伊莱扎和她的孩子分离时的
as when Eliza was parted from her child.
那种痛彻心扉的悲伤
Three miles outside Baltimore heading North.
从巴尔的摩出发向北三英里
A slave on the run.
一个奴隶正在逃亡的路上
The risk of capture is high.
被抓获的风险很大
At most, 1,000 a year are successful.
一年中最多只有一千人成功逃走
Ears cut off; achilles tendons slashed;
割掉耳朵 挑断脚筋
branding; all are common punishments if caught.
还有打烙印 都是被抓后常见的惩罚手段
Frederick Douglass has failed twice,
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯曾两次出逃失败
but won't let that stop him.
但失败无法阻挡他的脚步
Men like Douglass are the South's worst nightmare.
道格拉斯这类人是南方最大的梦靥
He has a better chance
和其他人相比
than most of passing as a freeman.
他有更大的机会成为一个自由人
Unlike 80% of slaves, he can read and write.
与八成的奴隶不同 他能读会写
Even in the 21st century,
即使在二十一世纪
we're only three or four generations away
我们离那个可怕时代也不过隔了三四代而已
from people that not only could not get paid for their labor,
那时的人们不但不能靠劳动换取薪酬
it was against the law for them to read and write,
而且对他们来说读书写字是违法的
it was against the law for them to marry,
结婚也是违法的
it was against the law for them
对他们来说
to name their children after themselves.
甚至为孩子冠上自己的姓氏都是违法的
Ladies and gentlemen, please.
女士们先生们 打扰了
Long way to go.
您这路可长了
Ticket.
车票呢
Black Americans must carry documents
美国黑人必须随身携带文件
proving they're free, or who they belong to.
证明他们是自由的 或者主人是谁
Frederick Douglass has papers borrowed from a friend.
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯从朋友那里借来了证明文件
Ticket.
车票呢
They won't hold up to careful examination.
但它经不住仔细审查
My whole future depended on
我的命运完全掌握在
the decision of this conductor.
列车长作出决定的一念之间
Someone get this chicken.
这鸡是谁的 快抱走
This moment of time was
此时此刻
one of the most anxious I ever experienced.
是我所经历过的最难熬的时光
Had he looked closely at the paper,
如果他仔细查看了这张证明
he could not have failed to discover that
他一定会发现
it called for a very different-looking person from myself.
照片里的人和我长得完全不一样
Frederick Douglass makes it to New York City--
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯成功来到纽约市
and freedom,
获得了自由
and becomes a leading figure in the anti slavery movement.
他成了废奴运动中的领军人物
He'll write a best-selling autobiography.
后来 他写了一本畅销的自传
He'll meet and debate with Lincoln in the White House.
再后来 他在白宫和林肯会晤并激烈辩论
At a time when slaves are barely regarded as people,
在那个很少把奴隶当人看的年代
he will become an icon, a celebrity,
他将成为一个象征 一个名人
the best-known African-American in America.
全美最著名的非裔美国人
The best hope for escaped slaves
对于逃跑的奴隶来说
is the legendary Underground Railroad
他们最大的希望是颇具传奇色彩的"地下铁道"
and the tireless efforts of Harriet Tubman.
以及哈莉特·塔布曼的不懈努力
An escaped slave herself,
作为一个逃跑的奴隶
she risks her life returning South
她冒着生命危险回到南方
again and again to guide others to freedom.
一次又一次地将人们引上自由之路
A masterful escape artist,
作为一名大师级的逃跑艺术家
Tubman will do anything to avoid capture,
塔布曼为了躲避追捕 可谓不择手段
even keeping babies quiet with opium.
甚至包括用鸦片让孩子安静下来
That's a good boy.
乖孩子
Harriet Tubman is the Moses of our people.
哈莉特·塔布曼就是我们的摩西
She was a wanted woman, she was a hated woman,
她是一个被通缉的女人 一个遭人憎恨的女人
reviled by the white South.
受到整个南方白人圈的咒骂
Just imagine you've gotten out of slavery,
想想看 你已经逃脱了奴役
you've escaped,
顺利逃出生天
and yet you come back,
但你却又回来了
you have the courage and the care about other people
你的勇气以及对他人的关爱
to come back into a hell.
让你义无反顾 再入魔窟
The South puts a $40,000 reward on her head,
南方人悬赏四万美元取她项上人头
but nothing stops her.
但她执着的脚步无人能挡
Come on, you all!
你们都快点
Come on!
快点啊
Move or die.
想逃还是想死
Tubman is one of America's first civil-rights activists.
塔布曼是美国人权运动先驱之一
In the same month she dies, Rosa Parks is born.
她去世的同一月 罗莎·帕克斯出生了
Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman
弗雷德里克·道格拉斯和哈莉特·塔布曼
threaten everything the South stands for.
对南方所拥护的一切都造成了威胁
Tens of thousands of slave owners
数以万计的奴隶主们
had to deal with, for the first time,
第一次不得不面对
the fact that these people are going to rebel.
奴隶们将要奋起反抗的事实
She was far more effective
她最大的成就在于
as the symbol that they feared
她成了奴隶主们闻之色变的符号
than the few hundred that she saved.
而不仅仅是她救出了几百号人
Nearly 60,000 slaves will escape,
近六万名奴隶逃走
up to a $50 million loss to their owners,
奴隶主们所蒙受的损失高达五千万美元
but it symbolizes much more.
但其象征意义远不止这些
Now the South has a fight on its hands,
如今 南方的局势已是箭在弦上
and they're prepared to do
而他们已经下定决心
whatever it takes to preserve their way of life.
为了保持现有生活方式将不惜一切代价
The fight for the soul of a nation is just getting started.
一场民族灵魂之战蓄势待发
Midway through the 19th century,
十九世纪中叶
America is entering the modern world.
美国开始进入现代社会
In 20 years,
此后的二十年内
there'll be Levi's Jeans, chewing gum and hot dogs.
李维斯牛仔 口香糖还有热狗相继出现
But the nation is split,
但是国家已经分裂了
being torn apart at the seams dividing North and South.
被分割为南北两部分
Slavery became not simply a political issue,
奴隶制已经不仅仅是一个政治问题
not simply an economic issue,
或者一个经济问题
but a moral issue as well.
而演变成了伦理道德问题
It became the issue that defined North and South in the 1850s.
它成了当时区别北方与南方的关键因素
September 1850.
1850年9月
The Fugitive Slave Law brings the brutality of Southern Slavery to the North.
《逃奴法案》将南方奴隶制的残酷带到了北方
Now, no African-American is safe, anywhere.
非裔美国人失去了最后的安身之地
Gentlemen, you've made a mistake.
先生们 你们弄错了
This is a place of business.
这是营业场所
I'm a tailor, these are my clients.
我是裁缝 这几位是我的客户
I'm a freeman. I'm not a slave, gentlemen.
我是自由人不是奴隶 先生们
The Fugitive Slave Law meant that if you were a slave
《逃奴法案》意味着 如果你当过奴隶
and you managed to escape to the North,
并成功逃到北方
your master could come and get you,
原先的主人可以前来将你抓回
and you had no recourse.
没人能保护你
Not only that, if you were a free Negro,
不仅如此 如果你是自由的黑人
they still could sell you down the river.
仍然可能被卖到南方当奴隶
The search for runaway slaves had become a witch hunt.
追捕逃跑的奴隶变成了一场政治迫害运动
Any African-American can be condemned simply with an accusation.
任何非裔美国人只要受到起诉即被定罪
Even a freeman has no right to a trial by jury.
即使自由人也没有接受陪审团审判的权利
Federal magistrates get $10 to rule them slaves,
联邦地方法官判定奴隶身份能得十美元
five to set them free.
判决自由人身份能得五美元
Ordinary people are outraged by the new law.
这项新的法案引起了普通市民的强烈愤慨
Abolitionist newspapers and literature spread like wildfire.
废奴报纸和文学作品如野火燎原般涌现
Published in 1852,"Uncle Tom's Cabin"
1852年出版的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》
becomes the best-selling book of the century, after the Bible.
成为十九世纪仅次于《圣经》的畅销书
A passionate antislavery novel written
这是一本由哈里特·比彻·斯托所作的
by Harriet Beecher Stowe,
充满废奴情绪的小说
an unknown housewife from Connecticut.
她是来自康涅狄格州的一名不起眼的主妇
It mainly appeals to women
它的主要读者群是这个时期
who are becoming politicized for the first time.
开始参与政治生活的妇女
Slavery is the burning issue of the day.
奴隶制是当时最紧迫的政治议题
As America expands across the continent,
时值美国向大陆扩张之际
North and South face off over each new territory.
北方和南方争夺每一块新获得的土地
Will it be slave-owning or free?
新的州实行奴隶制还是自由制?
The Northerners began to see that, wait a minute,
北方人开始意识到不对劲
they're not gonna keep slavery just in the South,
南方人不会满足于将奴隶制限制在南方
they wanna take slavery West
他们也想在西部实行奴隶制
and to turn the country into a slave country.
以至将整个国家都变为奴隶制国家
Americans from all over the country
来自全国各个地方的美国人
are flooding into the new territories on the frontier.
都想涌进拓荒前线的新地界
Each becomes a battleground.
每块新土地都成了战场
Will it be slave-owning or free?
是实行奴隶制还是自由制
It comes to a head in Kansas.
这个争执在堪萨斯州达到顶峰
A peaceful protetest turns violent.
和平抗议演变成了暴力行动
Emotions run high.
人们群情激奋
Towns are terrorized, stores robbed.
城市恐怖活动四起 商店被劫
Homesteads burned.
家园被烧毁
North and South are polarized.
南北从此分道扬镳
Neither side will back down.
双方都不愿让步
One man will stop at nothing to abolish slavery.
有一个人发誓不废除奴隶制绝不罢休
John Brown.
约翰·布朗
A folk hero in the North...
一名来自北方的民间英雄
a terrorist to the South.
南方人眼中的恐怖分子
He thinks he's fighting a holy war.
他认为自己在从事圣战
He believes himself to be God's chosen instrument.
相信自己是上帝选派的执行者
He will murder for his cause.
为达目的可以戕害无辜
John Brown is one of those controversial figures
约翰·布朗是一个饱受争议的人物
about whom almost anything you can say is true.
各种褒贬不一的评价几乎都能成立
He's a terrorist, in our modern terms.
用现代的标准看 他是恐怖分子
He's a revolutionary.
他是革命者
The divide between North and South is an open wound.
南北分歧成为了一个裸露的伤口
Kansas bleeds for two years, more than 200 dead.
堪萨斯州为此流血两年 逾两百人丧生
America is on the road to war.
美国正站在战争深渊的边缘
Slavery is tearing the nation apart.
奴隶制正在分裂这个国家
America is built on a number of distinct fault lines,
美国建国之时就有若干明显的内在分歧
one, of course, was slavery and freedom,
奴隶制与自由制就是其中之一
that was a fault line that had to be addressed.
这一分歧亟需解决
In the South, slavery is a way of life,
在南方 奴隶制是一种生活方式
even for non-slave owners.
对非奴隶主也是如此
Antislavery forces in the North
在北方的废奴者
threaten their right to decide their fate.
威胁要剥夺南方各州在此问题上的自主权
There is still, in some areas of America, a great pride in being Southern
在美国某些地区仍有人对南方人身份自豪
and holding true to the original Southern attitude.
坚守南方一贯以来的态度
I think our clinging to the idea
固执地认为
that slavery is a right and just a way of life,
“奴隶制是一种权利 一种生活方式”
you know, it is a dark spot in our history.
我认为这种做法是我们历史的污点
Anger in the South grows more passionate every day.
愤怒情绪在南方日益高涨
The North claims the moral high ground,
北方占领了道德高地
but they are getting rich off cotton, too.
但他们也从棉花种植业中获利
Pretty much everybody agreed that a crisis was developing.
几乎每个人都感觉得到危机的来临
Not everyone knew that,
但并不是所有人都能预见到
the crisis would include, in the end, the Civil War,
危机最终会发展为内战
but everyone understood that
但每个人都明白
a showdown between the slave South
坚持奴隶制的南方
and the free North was about to occur.
和坚持自由制的北方最终会决一雌雄
John Brown wants to light the fuse.
约翰·布朗想要点燃战争的导火索
October 1859.
1859年10月
Passionate in his hatred of slavery,
出于对奴隶制的憎恨之情
Brown prepares to take the fight into the heart of the South.
布朗准备在南方腹地打响战斗
His plan, to capture the
他意图攻占
federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia,
弗吉尼亚州哈珀斯镇的联邦军火库
the biggest collection of weapons in the South.
这个南方最大的武器库
20,000 rifles, muskets and pistols,
两万支来福枪 滑膛枪和手枪
worth almost $7 million today.
总价值在今天有近七百万美元
He wants to arm Southern slaves and lead a slave rebellion.
他想武装南方的奴隶并领导他们反抗
He's fighting alongside his five sons,
他的五个儿子与他并肩作战
all of them willing to die for their cause.
他们都愿意为此牺牲
The arsenal is poorly defended.
军火库警戒薄弱
Breaking in is a pushover.
突破防线轻而易举
But his raid is based
但他突袭时的预想
on local slaves rising up and joining the fight.
是希望本地的奴隶纷纷拿起武器揭竿而起
He needs a small army to carry off so many weapons.
他需要一支队伍来搬运如此之多的武器
Without slave reinforcements, it's a suicide mission.
缺乏奴隶的支援使这次行动看起来像送死
Word gets out and local townsfolk attack the arsenal.
消息传开 当地民众开始攻击军火库
Not a single slave joins Brown and his men.
没有一个奴隶加入布朗的队伍
They are trapped and fighting for their lives.
他们都深陷困境 只求苟活
I wanna free all Negroes in this state.
我想解放这个州的所有奴隶
I have possession of the United States armory,
我拥有美国最大的军械库
and if the citizens interfere with me,
如果市民想阻止我
I must only burn the town and have blood.
我只有放火烧城 血战到底
Radical abolitionist John brown
激进的废奴主义者约翰·布朗
is trying to inspire a slave revolt.
试图唤起奴隶的反抗
No slaves have joined him, and now he's trapped.
没有奴隶加入他的队伍 他被围困了
At dawn, the US Marines arrive.
拂晓时分 美国海军陆战队抵达
They storm the arsenal
他们在中校罗伯特·E·李的指挥下
under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee.
向军火库发起猛攻
Brown won't go down without a fight.
布朗绝不会束手就擒
The soldiers overwhelm them.
随后士兵们彻底制服了他们
The fight against slavery has only just begun.
废奴斗争才刚刚开始
But John Brown's crusade is over.
但约翰·布朗的圣战却已走到了尽头
His sons are dead.
他的儿子们纷纷战亡
His trial captivates the country.
他的法庭审判吸引了全国的目光
Charged as a criminal, he puts the institution of slavery on trial.
身为被告 他却把矛头指向了奴隶制
America is fatally divided.
美国国内的分歧已经不可调和
Brown is convicted of treason and sentenced to death.
布朗被判叛国罪并处以死刑
A terrorist in the South, a martyr in the North.
南方视其为恐怖分子 北方尊其为烈士
He's executed on December 2, 1859.
他于1859年12月2日被处决
As the country prepares to elect a new president in 1860,
1860年 总统大选在即
many wonder if the nation can survive.
许多人都不知道这个国家能否继续存在
I, John Brown,
我 约翰·布朗
am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land
坚信这个罪恶国度的暴行
will never be purged away but with blood.
不经过鲜血的洗礼就永远无法变得清白
Chicago, May 18, 1860.
1860年5月18日 芝加哥
A backwoods congressman comes out of nowhere
一位来自边区偏僻之地的不知名的议员
to grab the new Republican Party's nomination for President.
赢得了共和党的新总统提名
Abe Lincoln's only claim to fame--
林肯此前唯一的出名之处
he's lost two elections to the Senate.
就是他曾两次竞选参议员落败
Personally, Lincoln hates slavery,
林肯个人反感奴隶制
but he is desperate to hold the country together.
但他也想竭力维护国家统一
What I admire about Abraham Lincoln is
亚伯拉罕·林肯最令我敬重的一点
that he had his beliefs and he stuck to his beliefs
是他的信仰以及对信仰的执着追求
at a time when it was't popular to do so,
在这种观念还不算流行的时候
especially when it was black, white and very cut-and-dry,
特别是在黑人白人这样老生常谈的问题上
he stuck to his beliefs.
他仍然坚守阵地
November 6, 1860.
1860年11月6日
Election Day.
选举日
The stakes couldn't be higher.
一个冒着极大风险的选举结果
Abraham Lincoln will be elected
亚伯拉罕·林肯将被选为
president of a country hurtling towards war.
这个战事一触即发的国家的总统
The South rebels, convinced he'll abolish slavery.
南方的反叛州确信他将废除奴隶制
They threaten to leave the Union.
他们威胁要脱离联邦
The battle lines are drawn.
战线随即划定
The North is behind him.
北方声明对他的支持
For the South, Lincoln is the enemy.
在南方眼里 林肯是敌人
An editorial in an Atlanta paper
一家亚特兰大报纸的社论写道
"Let the consequences be what they may.
不管后果如何
Whether the Potomac is crimsoned in human gore
要么血染波托马克河
and Pennsylvania Avenue is paved ten fathoms
要么让血肉模糊的尸体
with mangled bodies,
在宾夕法尼亚大道上堆到十英寻高
the South will never submit to
南方断不会屈服于
such humiliation and degradation as the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln."
亚伯拉罕·林肯就任总统 这样的奇耻大辱
The South knew that Lincoln was gonna win,
南方知道林肯会赢得选举
and it was just a matter of time, tick, tick, tick, before secession occurred.
脱离联邦只是时间问题
The South wants no part of a Union with Lincoln in the White House.
南方不愿成为林肯所主持的联邦的一部分
But as he prepares to take office,
但在他宣布就任前夕
the President-elect is still determined to avoid a civil war.
当选总统仍然决意要避免一场内战
Lincoln was not happy about slavery.
林肯对奴隶制很反感
He did not see that as congruent to
他认为这有悖
"All men are created equal."
"人人生而平等"的信条
And he had given a speech, before he ever became president,
他在就任总统前发表了一个演讲
on why that was so important to him.
阐明为何奴隶制问题如此重要
And I think that was coming to a head,
我认为废奴之争已经到了紧要关头
and when he got elected, that was the final straw for the South.
他的当选触及了南方所能容忍的底线
December 20, 1860.
1860年12月20日
South Carolina secedes from the Union.
南卡罗来纳州脱离联邦
The ten other slave states soon follow.
其他十个蓄奴州旋即效仿
Lincoln's victory makes war inevitable.
林肯的当选使战争在所难免
He's prepared to fight to preserve the Union--
他做好了为保全联邦而战的准备
and won't have to wait long.
这一刻即将来临
In February 1861, a few weeks before his inauguration,
1861年2月 就在他就职前数周
the Confederate States of America are born.
美利坚联盟国成立
Lincoln's principal objective was to save the Union
林肯的首要目标是保全联邦
and then we'll deal with slavery,
然后才是废除奴隶制
but before too long, he had to both save the Union and deal with slavery.
但马上 他不得不同时解决这两个问题
Abraham Lincoln receives his first death threats before ever taking office.
亚伯拉罕·林肯尚未就职便收到首份死亡威胁
He'll save every one,
接下来收到的每个死亡威胁他都保存下来
keeping a file in his desk labeled: "Assassination."
全部放在案头一个标为"刺杀"的文件夹里
On the journey to Washington, he'll wear a disguise,
在去华盛顿的路上 他将乔装打扮
just to be safe.
安全第一
He'll do anything to avoid war,
他会为避免战争而作出一切努力
except allow slavery to expand.
但允许奴隶制扩张除外
It is Lincoln who explains the case for freedom
林肯阐述了他使用的自由一词的含义
and says, "I'm not gonna attack slavery where it is,
我不会干涉现有的奴隶制度
but I'm not gonna let it expand."
但不会任由其扩张
At his inauguration, Abraham Lincoln reluctantly pledges
在就职典礼上 亚伯拉罕·林肯勉强承诺
that states with slaves will be allowed to keep them,
允许蓄奴州继续保持奴隶制
but it's too little, too late.
但退步太小且为时已晚
A virtual state of war already exists.
敌对格局已明摆在眼前
The South mobilizes an army of 800,000 men
南方动员了八十万士兵
against a Union army of 2 and half Million.
来对抗北方的两百万联邦大军
Five weeks after Abraham Lincoln takes office,
亚伯拉罕·林肯就职五周后
the first shots are fired in the War Between the States.
南北之战的第一枪打响
It will spark a brutal and bloody civil war,
它开启了一场残暴而血腥的内战
the deadliest in American history.
美国历史上伤亡最为惨重的战争
In the next four years,
接下来的四年里
more lives will be lost
死亡的人数将超过
than in all America's other wars put together.
美国所有其它战争死亡人数的总和
